This commentary was originally published with Sadeq Institute in Tripoli. [Link to the PDF] In June 2020 a UN Panel of Experts called out the extensive use of mercenaries by Russia, the UAE and Turkey in the already highly protracted and complex multipolar conflict in Libya - an issue the UN still views as an integral obstacle to building lasting peace in Libya. The estimate of the Russian mercenary contingent alone suggested that the Russian private military and security com